尼采筆下的查拉圖斯特：呈現現代人重拾自我的「內在－－外在」辯證體

作者:李珮菁(國立臺灣師範大學英語學系)

摘要：

尼采筆下的查拉圖斯特具體表現了現代人的內在追尋，而非向外探索，以重拾其內在衝突的動態平衡，亦即一「內在──外在」的辯證體。更進一步從心理的層次來看，查拉圖斯特不僅深刻洞察人類存在的處境，並且在人類生存的本體論困境中扮演一種驅魔避邪的力量。
本文擬從三方面來探討這個問題。第一部份將論及現代人的精神困境及自我內在的根本矛盾。第二部分著重在尼采如何運用修辭上的諷喻技巧作為自我辨證體的反射。第三部分則描述查拉圖斯特唯一重拾自我，亦即現代人生存的本體論困境中之驅魔避邪的力量。事實上查拉圖斯特也就是尼采的阿波羅及戴奧尼修斯二觀點的重新整合，也就是對自我內在衝突的重新統合。換句話說，查拉圖斯特代表一種動態的有機體，一個鎔鑄綜合與分析的變證體。

《詳全文》

Nietzsche's Zarathustra: An Internal-External Dialectic Representing the Rediscovered Self of Modern Man

Author: Pei-Jing (Came) Li(Department of English, National Taiwan Normal University)

Abstract：

Nietzsche's Zarathustra embodies modern man's endogenous quest, instead of an exogenous one, to rediscover his self as a dynamic balance between opposites, an in-ternal-external dialectic. On a deeper and more psychological level, Zarathustra not on-ly provides a genuine insight into the dilemma of the human condition but also portrays an exorcising power, helping us overcome the ontological predicament of our own hu-man existence.
The first section of this paper will deal with the spiritual dilemma of modern man and the fundamental contradictions lying in the self. The second section will be con-cerned with Nietzsche's use of parody as a reflection of the self dialectic. The third section will delineate Zarathustra as the rediscovered self, an exorcising power on the ontological predicament of human existence. As a matter of fact, Zarathustra embodies an integration/reconciliation of Apollonian and Dionysian perspectives, that is, the op-posites within the self. In other words, Zarathustra represents a dynamic organism, an internal-external dialectic.