(Special Issue) Outcome-Based Learning and the Quality Enhancement of University Teaching: The Practices of Chinese Teachers
Author: Pamela Pui-Wan Leung(Department of Chinese Language Studies, The Hong Kong Institute of Education)
Vol.&No.:Vol. 58, No. 4
Date:December 2013
Pages:1-35
DOI:10.6209/JORIES.2013.58(4).01
Abstract:
“Outcome-based learning” (OBL) is a western approach to education and has not been widely adopted in Chinese teaching practices. Few precedents of Chinese OBL programs have been found in the literature and engaging entire teaching staff in the same department for piloting this approach is difficult. Therefore, this study describes how a higher education institution in Hong Kong promoted OBL to Chinese students. We compared pre- and post-revision course outlines and feedback obtained from teachers and students in the experiment and adopted qualitative and quantitative content analysis methods to examine the effects of OBL on enhancing teaching quality. The findings indicated that the influence of OBL on the close alignment of learning outcomes, teaching activities, and assessments has facilitated improved student learning experiences more than traditional teaching approaches have. To sustain a quality OBL program, institutions should support the ongoing professional development of teachers and maintain a balance between quality assurance and teacher autonomy. In addition, teachers should consider their daily practices, adjust various teaching arrangements, ensure that expected learning outcomes based on various program aspects are aligned, and establish appropriate and effective assessments.
Keywords:
university teaching, outcome-based learning, multiple assessments, constructive alignment, learning outcomes
《Full Text》
References:
- 王文科、王智弘(2008)。教育研究法。臺北市:五南。【Wang, W.-K., & Wang, C.-H. (2008). Research methods for education. Taipei, Taiwan: Wu-Nan Book.】
- 李光梅(2007)。成果導向教育理論及其應用。教育評論,1,51-54。【Li, G.-M. (2007). Outcome-based education: Theories and applications. Education Review, 1, 51-54.】
- 李坤崇(2009)。成果導向的課程發展模式。教育研究月刊,186,39-58。【Li, K.-C. (2009). The development model of outcome-based curriculum. Journal of Education Research, 186, 39-58.】
- 李坤崇(2011)。大學課程發展與學習成效評量。臺北市:高等教育。【Li, K.-C. (2011). University curriculum development and learning outcome assessment. Taipei, Taiwan: Higher Education.】
- 吳清山、蔡菁芝(2006)。英美兩國教育績效責任之比較分析及其啟示。師大學報:教育類,51(1),1-21。doi:10.3966/2073753X2006045101001【Wu, C.-S., & Tsai, C.-C. (2006). A comparative analysis of educational accountability in the UK and USA. Journal of National Taiwan Normal University: Education, 51(1), 1-21. doi:10.3966/2073753X2006045101001】
» More
- 王文科、王智弘(2008)。教育研究法。臺北市:五南。【Wang, W.-K., & Wang, C.-H. (2008). Research methods for education. Taipei, Taiwan: Wu-Nan Book.】
- 李光梅(2007)。成果導向教育理論及其應用。教育評論,1,51-54。【Li, G.-M. (2007). Outcome-based education: Theories and applications. Education Review, 1, 51-54.】
- 李坤崇(2009)。成果導向的課程發展模式。教育研究月刊,186,39-58。【Li, K.-C. (2009). The development model of outcome-based curriculum. Journal of Education Research, 186, 39-58.】
- 李坤崇(2011)。大學課程發展與學習成效評量。臺北市:高等教育。【Li, K.-C. (2011). University curriculum development and learning outcome assessment. Taipei, Taiwan: Higher Education.】
- 吳清山、蔡菁芝(2006)。英美兩國教育績效責任之比較分析及其啟示。師大學報:教育類,51(1),1-21。doi:10.3966/2073753X2006045101001【Wu, C.-S., & Tsai, C.-C. (2006). A comparative analysis of educational accountability in the UK and USA. Journal of National Taiwan Normal University: Education, 51(1), 1-21. doi:10.3966/2073753X2006045101001】
- 吳傳慧(2011,10月21日)。成果導向教育重點非成績 在學習後擁有的能力。國立臺灣師範大學師大新聞。取自http://pr.ntnu.edu.tw/news/index.php?mode=data&id=10828【Wu, C.-H. (2011, October 21). Focus of outcome-based education not on results, but on competence nurtured. National Taiwan Normal University News. Retrieved from http://pr.ntnu.edu.tw/news/index.php?mode=data& id=10828】
- 姜波(2003)。OBE:以結果為基礎的教育。外國教育研究,3,35-37。【Jiang, B. (2003). OBE: Outcome-based education. Studies in Foreign Education, 3, 35-37.】
- 胡偉、張玉金(2008)。成果導向型教學模式的開發、應用與推廣。秘書之友,11,26-28。【Wu, W., & Zhang, Y.-J. (2008). Outcome-oriented teaching approaches: Development, application and promotion. Secretary’s Companion, 11, 26-28.】
- 徐聯恩、林明吟(2005)。成果導向教育(OBE)的教育改革及其在美國實踐的經驗。教育政策論壇,8(2),55-74。【Hsu, L.-A., & Lin, M.-Y. (2005). Lessons of the implementation of outcome-based education reform in the US. Educational Policy Forum, 8(2), 55-74.】
- 符碧真(2008)。美國大學教師的專業成長對我國的啟示。載於彭森明(主編),高等教育質的提昇:反思與前瞻(pp. 195-218)。臺北市:國立臺灣師範大學教育評鑑與發展研究中心。【Fwu, B.-J. (2008). What we can learn from the professional growth in American college teachers. In S.-M. Peng (Ed.), Quality enhancement in higher education: Reflections and the way forward (pp. 195-218). Taipei, Taiwan: Centre for Educational Research and Evaluation, National Taiwan Normal University.】
- 彭森明(2010)。大學生學習成果評量:理論、實務與應用。臺北市:高等教育。【Peng, S.-M. (2010). Assessing college student learning outcomes: Theories, practices and applications. Taipei, Taiwan: Higher Education.】
- 黃源河、符碧真(2011)。揭開日本學生接觸表現背後的秘密:教學研究。教育科學研究期刊,56(4),69-97。doi:10.3966/2073753X2011125604003【Hwang, Y.-R., & Fwu, B.-J. (2011). The most significant factor underlying Japanese students’ academic success: Lesson study. Journal of Research in Education Sciences, 56(4), 69-97. doi:10.3966/2073753X20111256 04003】
- 歐用生(1991)。內容分析法。載於黃光雄、簡茂發(主編),教育研究法(pp. 229-254)。臺北市:師大書苑。【Ou, Y.-S. (1991). Content analysis. In K.-H. Hwang & M.-F. Chien (Eds.), Research methods for education (pp. 229-254). Taipei, Taiwan: Lucky Book Store.】
- Adam, S. (2004, July). Using learning outcomes: A consideration of the nature, role, application and implications for European education of employing ‘learning outcomes’ at the local, national and international levels. Paper presented at United Kingdom Bologna Seminar, Edinburgh, UK.
- Berlach, G. R., & O’Neill, M. (2008). Western Australia’s ‘English’ course of study: To OBE or not to OBE, perhaps that is the question. Australian Journal of Education, 52(1), 49-62. doi:10. 1177/000494410805200104
- Biggs, J. (1996). Enhancing teaching through constructive alignment. Higher Education, 32(3), 347-364. doi:10.1007/BF00138871
- Biggs, J. (2004). Aligning teaching for constructing learning. Retrieved from http://www.heacademy. ac.uk/assets/documents/resources/resourcedatabase/id477_aligning_teaching_for_constructing_learning.pdf
- Biggs, J., & Tang, C. (2007). Teaching for quality learning at university: What the student does (3rd ed.). Maidenhead, UK: Oxford University Press.
- Boschee, F., & Baron, M. A. (1993). Outcome-based education: Developing programs through strategic planning. Lancaster, PA: Technomic.
- Driscoll, A., & Wood, S. (2007). Developing outcomes-based assessment for learner-centered education: A faculty introduction. Sterling, VA: Stylus.
- European University Association. (2008). Europe’s new higher education landscape. Retrieved from http://www.eua.be/eua-work-and-policy-area/building-the-european-higher-education-area-bologna-process/
- Hader, J. A. (2011). William G. Spady, agent of change: An oral history. Retrieved from http://ecommons.luc.edu/luc_diss/130
- Houghton, W. (2004). Engineering subject centre guide: Learning and teaching theory for engineering academics. Retrieved from http://www.heacademy.ac.uk/assets/documents/subjects/ engineering/learning-teaching-theory.pdf
- Jervis, L. M., & Jervis, L. (2005). What is the constructivism in constructive alignment? BEE-j, 6. Retrieved from http://www.bioscience.heacademy.ac.uk/journal/vol6/beej-6-5.aspx
- King, J. A., & Evans, K. M. (1991). Can we achieve outcome-based education? Educational Leadership, 49(2), 73-75.
- Kennedy, K. (2009). Outcomes based learning: Concepts, issues and action. Retrieved from http://www.ied.edu.hk/obl/files/OBLConcepts%20Issues%20and%20Action_Kennedy.doc
- Kudlas, J. M. (1994). Implications of OBE: What you should know about outcomes-based education. The Science Educator, 61(5), 32-35.
- Lau, G. K. (2009). The changing faces of outcome-based learning: Teaching and learning creativity 10.20.30. The International Journal of Learning, 16(5), 125-138.
- Pang, M., Ho, T.-M., & Man, R. (2009). Learning approaches and outcome-based teaching and learning: A case study in Hong Kong, China. Journal of Teaching in International Business, 20(2), 106-122. doi:10.1080/08975930902827825
- Pauk, B. (2007). Student participation in developing outcomes: A survey of students majoring in European languages. Retrieved from http://lsn.curtin.edu. au/tlf/tlf2007/refereed/pauk.html
- Schlebusch, G., & Thobedi, M. (2004). Outcomes-based education in the English second language classroom in South Africa. The Qualitative Report, 9(1), 35-48.
- Seigel, S. (2004). Constructive alignment: Biggs. Retrieved from http://www.resources.scalingtheh eights.com/Constructive%20Alignment%20and%20Biggs.htm
- Spady, W. G. (1993). Outcome-based education (Workshop report No. 5). Belconnen, Australia: Australian Curriculum Studies Association.
- Spady, W. G. (1994a). Outcome-based education: Critical issues and answers. Arlington, VA: American Association of School Administrators.
- Spady, W. G. (1994b). Choosing outcomes of significance. Educational Leadership, 51(6), 18-22.
- Spady, W. G., & Marshall, K. J. (1991). Beyond traditional outcomes-based education. Educational Leadership, 49(2), 67-72.
- Suskie, L. (2004). Assessing student learning: A common sense guide. Bolton, MA: Anker.
- Tam, M. (2012). The outcomes-based approach: Concepts and practice in curriculum and educational technology design. In A. D. Olofsson & J. O. Lindberg (Eds.), Informed design of educational technologies in higher education: Enhanced learning and teaching (pp. 21-37). Hershey, PA: IGI Global. doi:10.4018/978-1-61350-080-4.ch002
- Tavner, A. (2005). Outcomes-based education in a university setting. Australasian Journal of Engineering Education, 2, 1-14. Retrieved from http://www.aaee.com.au/journal/2005/tavner05. pdf
- Towers, G. C., & Towers, J. M. (1996). An elementary school principal’s experience with implementing an outcome-based curriculum. Contemporary Education, 68(1), 67-72.
- Wang, L. (2011). Designing and implementing outcome-based learning in a linguistics course: A case study in Hong Kong. Procedia: Social and Behavioral Sciences, 12, 9-18. doi:10.1016/j. sbspro.2011.02.004
- Weber, R. P. (1990). Basic content analysis (2nd ed.). Newbury Park, CA: Sage.